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                    Introduction
            
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                    [移除 runtime 依赖]
            
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                    编译、生成内核镜像
            
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                    使用链接脚本指定内存布局
            
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                    [重写程序入口点 -start]
            
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                    [使用 Qemu 运行内核]
            
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                    封装 SBI 接口
            
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                    [实现格式化输出]
            
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                    总结与展望
            
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                    第四章：内存管理
            
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                    [物理内存探测与管理]
            
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                    [动态内存分配]
            
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                    总结与展望
            
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                    第五章：内存虚拟化
            
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                    页表：从虚拟内存到物理内存
            
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                    [内核初始映射]
            
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                    内核重映射实现之一：页表
            
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                    内核重映射实现之二：MemorySet
            
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                    [内核重映射实现之三：完结]
            
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                    总结与展望
            
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                    第六章：内核线程
            
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                    线程状态与保存
            
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                    线程切换
            
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                    内核线程初始化
            
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                    [内核线程创建与切换测试]
            
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                    总结与展望
            
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                    线程池与线程管理
            
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                    内核调度线程 idle
            
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                    线程调度之 Round Robin 算法
            
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                    [线程调度测试]
            
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                    总结与展望
            
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                    [编写用户程序]
            
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                    在内核中实现系统调用
            
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                    总结与展望
            
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                    总结与展望
            
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                    第十章：同步互斥
            
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                    2. 物理内存管理
            
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                    3. 虚拟内存管理
            
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                    4. 线程管理
            
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                    6. CPU 调度
            
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                    7. 同步互斥
            
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                    8. 文件系统
            
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                    安装 rust
            
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<p>&#x5728;&#x672C;&#x8282;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x5F88;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#xFF1A;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BBE;&#x5B9A;&#x4E3A;&#x6BCF;&#x9694;&#x4E00;&#x6BB5;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x5176;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x91CC;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x56DE;&#x5230;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5F3A;&#x5236;&#x5BF9;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6001;&#x6216;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6001;&#x7684;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6253;&#x65AD;&#x3001;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x3001;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x8FDB;&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x3002;</p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>[info] riscv &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668;</strong></p>
<p>S &#x6001;&#x7684;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668;&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x6709; <strong>sie</strong>&#xFF08;Supervisor Interrupt Enable&#xFF0C;&#x76D1;&#x7BA1;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x4F7F;&#x80FD;&#xFF09;, <strong>sip</strong> &#xFF08;Supervisor Interrupt Pending&#xFF0C;&#x76D1;&#x7BA1;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x5F85;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#xFF09;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4E2D; s &#x8868;&#x793A; S &#x6001;&#xFF0C;i &#x8868;&#x793A;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#xFF0C; e/p &#x8868;&#x793A; enable (&#x4F7F;&#x80FD;)/ pending (&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x7533;&#x8BF7;)&#x3002;
&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7684;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x5206;&#x4E3A;&#x4E09;&#x79CD;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ol>
<li>SI(Software Interrupt)&#xFF0C;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;</li>
<li>TI(Timer Interrupt)&#xFF0C;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;</li>
<li>EI(External Interrupt)&#xFF0C;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;</li>
</ol>
<p>&#x6BD4;&#x5982; <code>sie</code> &#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; <code>STIE</code> &#x4F4D;&#xFF0C; &#x5BF9;&#x5E94; <code>sip</code> &#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; <code>STIP</code> &#x4F4D;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0E;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD; TI &#x6709;&#x5173;&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x51B3;&#x5B9A;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x5C06; <code>STIP</code> &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; 1&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#x6BD5;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x53D1;&#x73B0; <code>STIP</code> &#x4E3A; 1&#xFF0C;&#x6B64;&#x65F6;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x4F7F;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;&#x5373; <code>sie</code> &#x7684; <code>STIE</code> &#x4F4D;&#x4E5F;&#x4E3A; 1 &#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x8FDB;&#x5165; S &#x6001;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x7684;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x3002;</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;">&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;</h3>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-rust"><span class="token comment">// src/lib.rs</span>

<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">timer</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token comment">// src/timer.rs</span>

<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>sbi<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>set_timer<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">riscv<span class="token punctuation">::</span>register<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    time<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    sie
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token comment">// &#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x5DF2;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x6B21;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token constant">TICKS</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// &#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x95F4;&#x9694;</span>
<span class="token comment">// &#x6570;&#x503C;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x7EA6;&#x4E3A; cpu &#x9891;&#x7387;&#x7684; 1% &#xFF0C; &#x9632;&#x6B62;&#x8FC7;&#x591A;&#x5360;&#x7528; cpu &#x8D44;&#x6E90;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token constant">TIMEBASE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">100000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">init</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">unsafe</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token comment">// &#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x6B21;&#x6570;</span>
        <span class="token constant">TICKS</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token comment">// &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E; sie &#x7684; TI &#x4F7F;&#x80FD; STIE &#x4F4D;</span>
        <span class="token namespace">sie<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">set_stimer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">// &#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x95F4;&#x9694;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// &#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x5F53;&#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x65F6;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E0B;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x7684;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x52A0;&#x4E0A; TIMEBASE</span>
    <span class="token comment">// &#x8FD9;&#x6B21;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x9884;&#x5904;&#x7406;</span>
    <span class="token function">clock_set_next_event</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;++++ setup timer!     ++++&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">clock_set_next_event</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token comment">// &#x8C03;&#x7528; OpenSBI &#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7684;&#x63A5;&#x53E3;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E0B;&#x6B21;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;</span>
    <span class="token function">set_timer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">get_cycle</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">TIMEBASE</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// &#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">get_cycle</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token namespace">time<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">read</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="&#x5F00;&#x542F;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6001;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x4F7F;&#x80FD;">&#x5F00;&#x542F;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6001;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x4F7F;&#x80FD;</h3>
<p>&#x4E8B;&#x5B9E;&#x4E0A;&#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668; <code>sstatus</code> &#x4E2D;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x4F4D; <code>SIE</code>&#xFF0C;&#x8868;&#x793A; S &#x6001;&#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x7684;&#x4F7F;&#x80FD;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;<code>SIE</code>&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x4F4D;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x5728; S &#x6001;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-rust"><span class="token comment">// src/interrupt.rs</span>

<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">init</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">unsafe</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">extern</span> <span class="token string">&quot;C&quot;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">__alltraps</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token namespace">sscratch<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">write</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token namespace">stvec<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">write</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>__alltraps <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">stvec<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">TrapMode</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Direct</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token comment">// &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E; sstatus &#x7684; SIE &#x4F4D;</span>
        <span class="token namespace">sstatus<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">set_sie</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;++++ setup interrupt! ++++&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="&#x54CD;&#x5E94;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;">&#x54CD;&#x5E94;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;</h3>
<p>&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6765;&#x66F4;&#x65B0; <code>rust_trap</code> &#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x6765;&#x8BA9;&#x5B83;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x2014;&#x2014;&#x5F53;&#x7136;&#x4E8B;&#x5230;&#x5982;&#x4ECA;&#x4E5F;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x4E09;&#x79CD;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ol>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>ebreak</code> &#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x7684;&#x65AD;&#x70B9;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#xFF1B;</li>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>ecall</code> &#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x7684;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#xFF1B;</li>
<li>&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x3002;</li>
</ol>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-rust"><span class="token comment">// src/interrupt.rs</span>

<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">riscv<span class="token punctuation">::</span>register<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token namespace">scause<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
        <span class="token class-name">Trap</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
        <span class="token class-name">Exception</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
        <span class="token class-name">Interrupt</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    sepc<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    stvec<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    sscratch<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    sstatus
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>timer<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token constant">TICKS</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    clock_set_next_event
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[no_mangle]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">rust_trap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tf<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&amp;</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token class-name">TrapFrame</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token comment">// &#x6839;&#x636E;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#x5206;&#x7C7B;&#x8BA8;&#x8BBA;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">match</span> tf<span class="token punctuation">.</span>scause<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">cause</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token comment">// &#x65AD;&#x70B9;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;</span>
        <span class="token class-name">Trap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Breakpoint</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token function">breakpoint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> tf<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sepc<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
        <span class="token comment">// S&#x6001;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;</span>
        <span class="token class-name">Trap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Interrupt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Interrupt</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SupervisorTimer</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token function">super_timer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
        _ <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token macro property">panic!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;undefined trap!&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// &#x65AD;&#x70B9;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#xFF1A;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x65AD;&#x70B9;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x5E76;&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x9632;&#x6B62;&#x6B7B;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">breakpoint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sepc<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&amp;</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;a breakpoint set @0x{:x}&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sepc<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token operator">*</span>sepc <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// S&#x6001;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x5904;&#x7406;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">super_timer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token comment">// &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E0B;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;</span>
    <span class="token function">clock_set_next_event</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">unsafe</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token comment">// &#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x8BA1;&#x6570;</span>
        <span class="token comment">// &#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x7531;&#x4E8E; TICKS &#x662F; static mut &#x7684;</span>
        <span class="token comment">// &#x540E;&#x9762;&#x4F1A;&#x63D0;&#x5230;&#xFF0C;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x90FD;&#x80FD;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;</span>
        <span class="token comment">// &#x5982;&#x679C;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x8FDB;&#x884C; +1 &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x9020;&#x6210;&#x8BA1;&#x6570;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x6216;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x4E25;&#x91CD;bug</span>
        <span class="token comment">// &#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x8FD9;&#x662F; unsafe &#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x5148;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#x7BA1;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;</span>
        <span class="token constant">TICKS</span> <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token comment">// &#x6BCF;&#x89E6;&#x53D1; 100 &#x6B21;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x5C06;&#x8BA1;&#x6570;&#x6E05;&#x96F6;&#x5E76;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">TICKS</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            <span class="token constant">TICKS</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;* 100 ticks *&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">// &#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x5916;&#x754C;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;epc &#x6307;&#x5411;&#x7684;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4FEE;&#x6539; epc</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x4E3B;&#x51FD;&#x6570; <code>rust_main</code> &#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-rust"><span class="token comment">// src/init.rs</span>

<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[no_mangle]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">extern</span> <span class="token string">&quot;C&quot;</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">rust_main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-&gt;</span> <span class="token operator">!</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>interrupt<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">init</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// &#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>timer<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">init</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">unsafe</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token macro property">asm!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;ebreak&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token string">&quot;volatile&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token macro property">panic!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;end of rust_main&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x65AD;&#x70B9;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x548C;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x3002;&#x65AD;&#x70B9;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x4F1A;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x65AD;&#x70B9;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x5E76;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#xFF0C;&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x5C31;&#x662F; <code>panic</code>&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC; <code>panic</code> &#x7684;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-rust"><span class="token comment">// src/lang_items.rs</span>

<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[panic_handler]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">panic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>info<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&amp;</span><span class="token class-name">PanicInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-&gt;</span> <span class="token operator">!</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;{}&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> info<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8F93;&#x51FA; panic &#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x5E76;&#x6B7B;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6B7B;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x91CC;&#x4E0D;&#x65AD;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x5E76;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x65F6;&#x949F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x786E;&#x5B9E;&#x5982;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6240;&#x60F3;&#xFF1A;</p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>[success] breakpoint &amp; timer interrupt handling</strong></p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-rust"><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token operator">+</span> setup <span class="token macro property">interrupt!</span> <span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token operator">+</span> setup <span class="token macro property">timer!</span>     <span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token operator">+</span>
a breakpoint set <span class="token operator">@</span><span class="token number">0x8020002c</span>
panicked at <span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">&apos;end</span> of rust_main&apos;<span class="token punctuation">,</span> src<span class="token operator">/</span>init<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rs<span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token number">11</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token number">5</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">100</span> ticks <span class="token operator">*</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">100</span> ticks <span class="token operator">*</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
</code></pre>
</blockquote>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;<a href="https://github.com/rcore-os/rCore_tutorial/tree/ch3-pa5" target="_blank">&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;</a>&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x3002;</p>
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